Association of Interleukin-1α with periodontitis among Indians: a narrative review

The etiology of periodontitis is multifactorial, involving interactions between bacterial pathogens, host immune response, and environmental factors. Among the host immune factors, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Many studies have aimed to find the association between IL-1α and periodontitis in various populations worldwide. However, the evidence in the Indian population is limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyse data from the literature related to the genetic correlation between IL-1α polymorphisms and periodontitis among Indians.

Only case-control and cross-sectional studies investigating the association between IL-1α polymorphisms (+4,845 and -889) and various forms of periodontitis in the Indian population were included. PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane based reviews, Scopus, and Google Scholar were used for the search.

The findings demonstrate a mixed pattern of associations between these polymorphisms and periodontitis across different regions of India.

The correlation of periodontitis with IL-1α polymorphism in Indians lacks evidence.