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Light-dark shift promotes colon carcinogenesis through accelerated colon aging.

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Light-dark shifts accelerate intestinal aging and increase colon cancer risk, particularly in younger adults. These disruptions impact gut barrier function and microbiota, contributing to carcinogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading global cancer, with increasing incidence in young adults.
  • Lifestyle factors, including circadian rhythm disruption via light-dark (LD) shifts, are linked to elevated CRC risk.
  • Previous epidemiological studies suggest a correlation between LD shifts and increased CRC incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined impact of LD shifts and aging on colon carcinogenesis.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking LD shifts, intestinal aging, and CRC development.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental models were used to assess the effects of LD shifts and aging on colon tumorigenesis.
  • Analysis included evaluation of aging-related pathways, intestinal barrier integrity, and gut microbiota composition.
  • Host-microbiome features regulated by the circadian clock were examined.

Main Results:

  • Both LD shifts and aging significantly increased colon tumorigenesis.
  • LD shifts accelerated intestinal aging, evidenced by increased intestinal barrier damage.
  • Dysbiotic changes in the gut microbiota were observed, negatively affecting barrier stability.
  • Circadian clock-regulated host-microbiome features were enriched preceding increased carcinogenesis and aging.

Conclusions:

  • LD shifts contribute to accelerated intestinal aging and enhanced colon carcinogenesis.
  • Disruptions in circadian rhythms, common in younger populations, are implicated in CRC development.
  • The findings highlight the critical role of circadian health in maintaining gut integrity and preventing cancer.