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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

500
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
500

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Ionic Strength-Induced Compartmentalization for Nanogel-in-Microgel Colloids.

Maria I Pieper1,2, Hannah F Mathews1,2, Andrij Pich1,2,3

  • 1DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials e.V., RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 15, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method for creating compartmentalized microgels using ionic strength-induced precipitation. This technique enables controlled drug delivery by forming discrete compartments within microgels, avoiding harsh conditions and biocompatible materials.

Keywords:
aggregationcolloidsgelspolymers

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science and Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Compartmentalization in microgels is essential for controlling complex biological reactions and enabling simultaneous drug uptake and orthogonal release.
  • Existing methods for creating compartmentalized microgels often rely on non-biocompatible materials or extreme temperatures, potentially damaging biological cargo.
  • There is a need for novel, biocompatible techniques to fabricate compartmentalized microgels under physiological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel technique for fabricating compartmentalized microgels using ionic strength-induced precipitation.
  • To demonstrate the versatility and applicability of this method for various nanogel species and microgel networks.
  • To investigate the shape-changing capabilities of stimuli-responsive nanogel compartments.

Main Methods:

  • A droplet-based microfluidic approach was employed to incorporate preformed nanogels into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)- or poly(acrylamide)-based microgels.
  • Ionic strength-induced precipitation was utilized as the primary mechanism for compartmentalization, controlled by the precise mixing of nanogel-monomer solutions with salt solutions.
  • The method was tested with various nanogel types and microgel network compositions, including stimuli-responsive and non-stimuli-responsive systems.

Main Results:

  • The microfluidic technique successfully fabricated compartmentalized microgels by controlling nanogel precipitation at the microfluidic junction.
  • The method proved effective for a range of nanogel species and both stimuli-responsive and non-stimuli-responsive microgel networks.
  • Anisotropic shape changes in temperature-responsive nanogel compartments were observed and controlled by adjusting temperature, salt concentration, or solvent.
  • Exemplary drug uptake and release experiments demonstrated highly selective absorption, highlighting the potential for advanced biomimetic polymer structures.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, biocompatible method for fabricating compartmentalized microgels using ionic strength-induced precipitation has been successfully developed.
  • This technique offers precise control over compartment formation and is adaptable to various materials and conditions, including physiological ranges.
  • The developed microgels show promise for advanced applications in controlled drug delivery and the creation of sophisticated biomimetic polymer structures.