[Teratovigilance. Antiepileptics during pregnancy and paternal use]

The 2023-2024 updates on teratovigilance, with a focus on antiseizure medications, highlight several key points. American medical societies have revised their recommendations: maintaining effective seizure control is essential for both maternal and fetal health; lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and oxcarbazepine are preferred first-line treatments, whereas valproic acid and topiramate should be avoided if possible. In March 2024, an update on topiramate indicated an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders with prenatal exposure. For autism spectrum disorders specifically, a recent study did not find evidence linking topiramate to autism spectrum disorder. Lastly, a potential risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children with fathers who used valproic acid has been suggested, but remains unconfirmed.