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Mpox primer for clinicians: what makes the difference in 2024?
Sama Mahmoud Abdel-Rahman1, Büşra Zeynep Bayici1, Şiran Keske2,3
1Koç University School of Medicine.
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|January 15, 2025
Summary
The 2024 mpox outbreak, driven by a more virulent strain, differs from 2022. Early diagnosis and updated treatments are crucial for managing mpox effectively.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Virology
Background:
- The 2024 mpox outbreak, declared a public health emergency, is linked to the potentially more virulent clade Ib strain.
- This outbreak presents distinct characteristics compared to the 2022 mpox epidemic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide clinical guidance for managing mpox cases.
- To contrast the 2024 mpox outbreak features with the 2022 epidemic for improved clinical decision-making.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of the 2024 and 2022 mpox outbreaks.
- Review of differential diagnosis, diagnostic tools, and Tecovirimat treatment updates.
- Examination of infection control, vaccination strategies, and global recommendations.
Main Results:
- Significant differences observed in case numbers, demographics, and fatality rates between 2024 and 2022 outbreaks.
- Clade Ib strain associated with increased mpox severity.
- Updated information on diagnosis, treatment, infection control, and vaccination provided.
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital for managing mpox, especially given the 2024 outbreak's unique features.
- Clinicians must stay updated on diagnostic, therapeutic, and vaccine recommendations to control mpox spread.
