National and subnational plans for primary prevention and early detection of oral and oropharyngeal cancer: a scoping review
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.This review found that less than half of global cancer plans address oral and oropharyngeal cancer prevention and early detection. Tobacco use is the most cited risk factor, with opportunistic screening being the primary early detection strategy.
Area Of Science
- Public Health
- Oncology
- Health Policy
Background
- Oral and oropharyngeal cancers represent a significant global health burden.
- Effective primary prevention and early detection strategies are crucial for reducing cancer incidence and mortality.
- National cancer control plans are key policy documents for implementing public health interventions.
Purpose Of The Study
- To map primary prevention and early detection strategies for oral and oropharyngeal cancer within national cancer and noncommunicable disease plans worldwide.
- To assess the coverage and nature of oral and oropharyngeal cancer strategies in global health policies.
Main Methods
- A scoping review adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines was conducted.
- Bibliographic searches were performed on World Health Organization Member State websites until March 2023.
- Analysis included national and subnational cancer and noncommunicable disease plans.
Main Results
- Of 264 assessed entities, 124 (47%) addressed oral and oropharyngeal cancer risk factors and prevention. Southeast Asia and the Americas showed higher coverage compared to Western Pacific and Eastern Mediterranean regions.
- Tobacco use (63.7%), HPV infection (54%), and alcohol consumption (35.5%) were the most frequently mentioned risk factors.
- Opportunistic examination (29%) was the most common early detection strategy, followed by screening high-risk individuals (14.5%).
Conclusions
- Most national cancer plans offer indirect coverage of oral and oropharyngeal cancer, with diverse preventive strategies but significant regional disparities.
- While tobacco use is widely recognized, other risk factors and comprehensive early detection methods require greater policy integration.
- The study highlights the need for enhanced inclusion of specific oral and oropharyngeal cancer policies in national health agendas, acknowledging potential data limitations.
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