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Toxicological Assays for Testing Effects of an Epigenetic Drug on Development, Fecundity and Survivorship of Malaria Mosquitoes
Published on: January 16, 2015
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Potential of emodepside for vector-borne disease control.
Pattarapon Khemrattrakool1, Thitipong Hongsuwong1, Theerawit Phanphoowong2
1Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Malaria Journal
|January 15, 2025
Summary
Emodepside, an anthelmintic, showed weak lethal effects on Anopheles dirus mosquitoes and no effect on Aedes aegypti. Human-relevant concentrations of emodepside are not effective for mosquito control.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary medicine
- Parasitology
- Entomology
Background:
- Emodepside is an anthelmintic investigated for human soil-transmitted helminth treatment.
- It targets nematode SLO-1 channels, causing paralysis and death.
- SLO-1 channels are present in mosquitoes, suggesting potential vector activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the potential of emodepside as a vector control agent against Anopheles dirus and Aedes aegypti.
- To determine if emodepside exhibits lethal effects on mosquitoes at human-relevant concentrations.
Main Methods:
- Mosquitoes (An. dirus, Ae. aegypti) were blood-fed emodepside at various concentrations (1-10,000 nM).
- Mosquito survival was monitored for 10 days.
- Co-feeding experiments with ivermectin and emodepside were conducted to assess synergistic effects.
Main Results:
- Emodepside demonstrated weak lethal effects on An. dirus (LC50 > 100-fold human Cmax) and no lethal effects on Ae. aegypti.
- Emodepside did not alter ivermectin's efficacy against An. dirus at human peak concentrations.
Conclusions:
- Emodepside is not a viable tool for vector-borne disease control due to lack of significant mosquito lethality.
- The SLO-1 channel remains a potential target for novel vector control strategies.
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