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Exploiting the lock: leveraging MiG-V's logic locking for secret-data extraction.

Lennart M Reimann¹, Yadu Madhukumar Variyar¹, Lennet Huelser¹

¹RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences

|January 16, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Logic locking protects hardware designs but can expose sensitive data. This study found that altering the logic locking key of the MiG-V processor can reveal 100% of the encryption key during runtime.

Area of Science:

Computer Engineering
Cybersecurity
Hardware Security

Background:

Logic locking is a technique used to protect integrated circuit designs from intellectual property theft and malicious modifications during manufacturing.
The MiG-V is the first commercially available logic-locked RISC-V processor, designed for high-security applications.
While effective against design tampering, the impact of logic locking on runtime data confidentiality remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of logic locking on data confidentiality in the MiG-V RISC-V processor.
To identify potential data leakages arising from the exploitation of logic-locking hardware during runtime.
To assess the security implications of logic locking beyond traditional key-recovery attacks.

Main Methods:

Keywords:

RISC-V confidentiality logic locking

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The study involved altering the logic locking key of the MiG-V processor.
SSL cryptographic algorithms were executed on the processor during key alteration.
Data leakages were analyzed by monitoring the processor's behavior and output.

Main Results:

Changing a single bit in the logic locking key led to the complete exposure of the cryptographic encryption key.
Exploitation of the logic-locking hardware resulted in significant data leakages during runtime.
The findings demonstrate a critical security vulnerability inherent in the logic locking process.

Conclusions:

Logic locking, while securing designs against manufacturing threats, introduces significant data confidentiality risks during runtime.
Comprehensive security assessments are crucial for logic-locked hardware, extending beyond key-recovery defenses.
This research underscores the need for novel security mechanisms to ensure data confidentiality in advanced processor architectures.