30-Day and 1-Year Acute Myocardial Infarction Outcomes in Côte d'Ivoire: The REACTIV Study

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Sub-Saharan Africa faces a growing burden of acute myocardial infarction (MI).
• Limited data exists on the short- and long-term prognosis for patients experiencing MI in this region.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year all-cause mortality.
• To assess adverse outcomes in patients with MI hospitalized in Côte d'Ivoire.

Main Methods:

• Prospective cohort study utilizing data from the REgistre des syndromes coronariens Aigus de CôTe d'IVoire (REACTIV).
• Inclusion of consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit with acute MI.
• Primary endpoints: in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events.
• Multivariable Cox regression analyses to identify mortality predictors.

Main Results:

• 272 participants (average age 56.9 years, 76.8% male) were included.
• In-hospital mortality was 9.9%. 30-day mortality was 11% and 1-year mortality was 21.7%.
• Factors associated with 30-day mortality included Killip stage ≥2 and impaired renal function.
• One-year mortality was linked to Killip stage ≥2, anterior MI, impaired renal function, and sustained ventricular tachycardia.
• Myocardial reperfusion therapies were associated with improved prognosis at both 30 days and 1 year.

Conclusions:

• Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity in Côte d'Ivoire.
• Findings aid local healthcare providers in identifying high-risk patients.
• Data supports planning targeted surveillance and interventions for MI patients.