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Failure to thrive: A proposed diagnostic approach
Débora N Ferreira1, Klevin Araujo Canuto de Souza Granado1, Taís D Russo Hortencio1,2
1Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Failure to thrive in infants, often due to poor nutrition, requires early clinical evaluation and intervention. Prompt treatment improves health outcomes for infants experiencing inadequate growth.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neonatology
- Child Health
Background:
- Failure to thrive (FTT) describes infants failing to achieve expected weight, length, or BMI.
- Causes include malnutrition, nutrient loss, metabolic issues, malabsorption, or excessive energy expenditure.
- FTT can be organic or inorganic, with non-organic causes being more common.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the definition, causes, and management of failure to thrive in infants.
- To emphasize the importance of clinical history and physical examination in diagnosing FTT.
- To highlight the benefits of early intervention for improved clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical history and physical examination findings.
- Assessment of nutritional intake, absorption, metabolism, and energy expenditure.
- Consideration of organic and non-organic etiologies.
Main Results:
- Most FTT cases are of non-organic origin.
- Complementary examinations are often unnecessary.
- Early therapeutic interventions significantly improve outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Clinical evaluation and physical examination are paramount for FTT diagnosis.
- Therapeutics involve nutritional/behavioral interventions and treating underlying conditions.
- Early and timely treatment is crucial for favorable clinical outcomes in FTT infants.
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