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Failure to thrive: A proposed diagnostic approach.

Débora N Ferreira1, Klevin Araujo Canuto de Souza Granado1, Taís D Russo Hortencio1,2

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Failure to thrive in infants, often due to poor nutrition, requires early clinical evaluation and intervention. Prompt treatment improves health outcomes for infants experiencing inadequate growth.

Keywords:
childdisease managementfailure to thrivegrowth disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Failure to thrive (FTT) describes infants failing to achieve expected weight, length, or BMI.
  • Causes include malnutrition, nutrient loss, metabolic issues, malabsorption, or excessive energy expenditure.
  • FTT can be organic or inorganic, with non-organic causes being more common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the definition, causes, and management of failure to thrive in infants.
  • To emphasize the importance of clinical history and physical examination in diagnosing FTT.
  • To highlight the benefits of early intervention for improved clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical history and physical examination findings.
  • Assessment of nutritional intake, absorption, metabolism, and energy expenditure.
  • Consideration of organic and non-organic etiologies.

Main Results:

  • Most FTT cases are of non-organic origin.
  • Complementary examinations are often unnecessary.
  • Early therapeutic interventions significantly improve outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical evaluation and physical examination are paramount for FTT diagnosis.
  • Therapeutics involve nutritional/behavioral interventions and treating underlying conditions.
  • Early and timely treatment is crucial for favorable clinical outcomes in FTT infants.