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Hritwik Haldar¹, Satyabrata Das¹, Haakon T A Wiedemann²

¹Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|January 17, 2025

Summary

This study synthesizes a tetra-cationic distibane salt, [L₂Sb₂][CF₃SO₃]₄, stabilized by a bis(α-iminopyridine) ligand. This compound undergoes various reactions, including cleavage of metal-metal bonds and oxygen insertion, showcasing its unique reactivity.

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Area of Science:

Inorganic Chemistry
Organometallic Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Stabilization of highly charged metal complexes is challenging due to Coulombic repulsion.
Antimony chemistry offers unique opportunities for exploring novel bonding and reactivity.
Ligand design plays a crucial role in stabilizing unusual oxidation states and structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize a tetra-cationic distibane salt stabilized by a bis(α-iminopyridine) ligand.
To investigate the reactivity of this novel distibane salt in various chemical transformations.
To explore the potential of this system in bond cleavage reactions and atom insertion processes.

Main Methods:

Dehydrocoupling reaction using Sb(OTf)₃ and a bis(α-iminopyridine) ligand (L) with hydride sources.
Synthesis from a [LSbCl][OTf]₂ precursor.
Characterization using spectroscopic techniques (NMR, Mass Spectrometry) and X-ray crystallography.
Computational studies to understand electronic structure and reaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of the tetra-cationic distibane salt [L₂Sb₂][CF₃SO₃]₄ ([1]₂[OTf]₄).
Demonstration of monomer formation ([1][OTf]₂) in polar solvents and regeneration of the dimer.
Observation of Sb-Sb bond cleavage in reactions with Ph₂Ch₂ (Ch = S, Se), leading to [LSb(SPh)][OTf]₂ and [LSb(SePh)][OTf]₂.
Formation of an oxygen-bridged compound [L₂Sb₂O][OTf]₄ ([5][OTf]₄) via oxygen insertion or air exposure.
Cleavage of Mn-Mn bonds in [Mn₂(CO)₁₀] to form [LSbMn(CO)₅][OTf]₂ ([6][OTf]₂).
Oxidative addition to Co₂(CO)₈ yielding [L₂Sb₂Co(CO)₃][OTf]₃ ([7][OTf]₃).

Conclusions:

The bis(α-iminopyridine) ligand effectively stabilizes a tetra-cationic distibane, overcoming Coulombic repulsion.
The synthesized distibane exhibits versatile reactivity, enabling diverse transformations including bond cleavage and atom insertion.
This work expands the scope of antimony chemistry and provides a platform for developing new functional materials and catalysts.