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Mechanical feedback links cell division and dynamics in growing cell collectives
Sumit Sinha1, Xin Li2, Abdul N Malmi-Kakkada3
1Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. dave.thirumalai@gmail.com.
Soft Matter
|January 17, 2025
Summary
Tissue stress influences cell division and growth, creating a feedback loop. Our simulations reveal that this mechanical feedback dictates cell dynamics, from jamming to hyperdiffusion, impacting tissue growth and cell migration.
Area of Science:
- Biophysics
- Cell Biology
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Local tissue stresses collectively regulate cell division and apoptosis.
- Cell growth and division actively induce stresses, creating a feedback loop with local stresses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how stress-mediated cell division and feedback strength affect cell dynamics in a growing tissue.
- To understand the relationship between cell dynamics, tissue growth laws, and mechanical feedback.
Main Methods:
- Agent-based simulations of a two-dimensional growing tissue.
- Analysis of cell dynamics, including mean square displacement (Δ(t)).
- Investigation of tissue growth laws (N(t)) and their dependence on mechanical feedback parameters.
Main Results:
- Discovered rich dynamical behaviors including jamming (α < 1) and hyperdiffusion (α > 2) based on cell division rate and feedback strength.
- Showed that cell motility (Δ(t)) is determined by the tissue growth law (N(t) ~ t^λ).
- Found that growth rate (λ) correlates with cell migration (α), influenced by critical pressure and division-apoptosis rates.
Conclusions:
- The mechanical feedback between cell growth and local stresses significantly impacts cell dynamics and tissue behavior.
- Tissue growth laws are regulated by mechanical feedback, influencing cell migration and persistent forces.
- Predictions are testable with advanced cell-tracking imaging techniques.
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