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Coupling between topological edge state and defect mode-based biosensor using phononic crystal.

Zaky A Zaky1,2,3, M Al-Dossari4, Ahmed S Hendy5

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Summary

This study introduces a novel phononic structure for highly sensitive detection of NaCl concentration in aqueous solutions and exhaled breath. The coupled mode offers significantly enhanced sensitivity and narrower bandwidth for precise biosensing applications.

Keywords:
BandgapBiosensorPhononic crystalSymmetric structuresTopological edge state

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Biosensing

Background:

  • Analysis of volatile molecules in exhaled breath provides insights into human health.
  • Seawater salinity is critical for understanding hydrological, biological, and chemical distributions.
  • Existing methods for detecting concentrations in solutions and breath may lack sensitivity or specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically design a symmetrical one-dimensional phononic structure.
  • To excite a topological edge state coupled with a defect mode for enhanced sensing.
  • To investigate the structure's sensitivity and bandwidth for detecting NaCl concentration and exhaled breath components.

Main Methods:

  • Design of a symmetrical one-dimensional phononic structure with a defective cavity.
  • Theoretical excitation of a topological edge state coupled with a defect mode.
  • Simulation and analysis of the structure's response to varying NaCl concentrations (0-21%) and exhaled breath components (0-100 ppm).

Main Results:

  • The coupled mode demonstrated a seven-fold increase in sensitivity to NaCl concentration compared to the defect mode.
  • Average sensitivity for NaCl detection reached 3160 Hz/% for the coupled mode, with a narrower bandwidth (170 Hz) than the defect mode (671 Hz).
  • The coupled mode achieved high sensitivity ([Formula: see text] Hz/ppm) for detecting [Formula: see text] in dry exhaled breath.

Conclusions:

  • The designed phononic structure with a coupled mode significantly enhances sensitivity and bandwidth for concentration detection.
  • This coupled mode is highly suitable for precise detection of salinity in aqueous solutions.
  • The enhanced sensitivity and bandwidth make the coupled mode a promising candidate for various biosensing applications, including breath analysis.