The porcine bioprosthetic valve. Twelve years later

The porcine bioprosthetic heart valve has been commercially available since 1970 and has been the prosthetic heart valve of choice in our institution since 1971. Since that time 817 patients with 951 porcine valves have been discharged from the hospital and were available for long-term follow-up. Patient survival rates, with operative mortality excluded, were 80% +/- 1.7% (standard error) at 5 years and 68% +/- 2.7% at 10 years. Survival rates for patients with aortic valve prostheses were 78% +/- 2.8% at 5 years and 57% +/- 5.4% at 10 years; for patients with mitral valve prostheses, survival rates were 80% +/- 2.2% at 5 years and 69% +/- 3.2% at 10 years. Freedom from thromboembolism for aortic valves was 93% +/- 1.4% at 5 years and 88% +/- 2.6% at 10 years; for mitral valves the freedom from degeneration or primary tissue failure for aortic valves was 97% +/- 1.3% at 5 years and 71% +/- 7.6% at 10 years; for mitral valves these figures were 96% +/- 1.2% at 5 years and 71% +/- 4.1% at 10 years. Valves in patients 35 years of age and below had a significantly greater rate of degeneration (p less than 0.001). After 12 years' experience the porcine bioprosthetic valve has performed well with regard to patient survival and low rate of thromboembolism. For patients older than 35 years the freedom from primary tissue failure is 80% at 10 years.