Prevalence and Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury After Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Oncology
• Surgical Outcomes

Background:

• Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical complication in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, impacting outcomes after surgery and chemotherapy.
• Understanding AKI's prevalence and risk factors is crucial for improving patient management and survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the incidence, risk factors, and survival impact of postoperative AKI (PO-AKI) and post-chemotherapy AKI (PC-AKI) in Egyptian CRC patients.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 561 CRC patients' data over 5 years.
• Calculation of PO-AKI and PC-AKI incidence.
• Univariate and multivariate analyses to identify AKI predictors.
• Survival analysis using survival curves.

Main Results:

• PO-AKI incidence was 10.5%; significant predictors included neoadjuvant therapy and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• PC-AKI incidence was 18.7%; significant predictors were CKD and Irinotecan-based chemotherapy.
• Overall survival was significantly reduced in patients who developed PO-AKI or PC-AKI (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

• AKI affects over 25% of CRC patients, with CKD and specific treatments being major risk factors.
• Modifiable risks include hypoalbuminemia and intraoperative hypotension; non-modifiable risks include CKD, neoadjuvant therapy, and Irinotecan regimens.
• Even mild AKI (Stage I) is linked to poorer overall survival in CRC patients.