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Structural, Institutional, and Interpersonal Racism: Calling for Equity in Autism Research and Practice
Jennifer S Singh1, Susan Brasher2, Jennifer Sarrett3
1School of History and Sociology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. jennifer.singh@hsoc.gatech.edu.
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
|January 17, 2025
Summary
Structural racism in science, healthcare, and education drives racial disparities in autism services. This paper outlines these inequities and proposes anti-racism strategies to improve autism care for minority populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Health Equity
Background:
- Racial and ethnic disparities in autism research and practice are well-documented.
- Existing research often highlights differences without addressing the systemic inequities driving them.
- This paper addresses the need to examine structural factors contributing to autism disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To shift the focus from describing disparities to understanding the mechanisms of structural racism influencing them.
- To outline how structural racism within key institutions (science, healthcare, education, housing) impacts autism services and care.
- To propose anti-racism approaches to address these inequities.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis of structural racism mechanisms within U.S. institutions.
- Identification of institutional racism related to autism in science, healthcare, and education.
- Examination of how institutional racism shapes interpersonal racism and adverse outcomes in autism.
- Proposal of anti-racism strategies for research and practice.
Main Results:
- Structural racism in science, healthcare, and education contributes to racial and ethnic disparities in autism.
- Examples provided illustrate how institutional racism leads to misdiagnosis, delayed diagnosis, unequal access to services, and differential treatment.
- Targeted anti-racism approaches are identified for each institution.
Conclusions:
- Addressing structural, institutional, and interpersonal racism is crucial for mitigating autism inequities.
- A call to action is issued for clinicians, researchers, and stakeholders to implement anti-racism strategies.
- Prioritizing anti-racism efforts is essential for improving autism care for racial and ethnic minorities.
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