Evaluating platelet concentrates by platelet indices, thromboelastography, and flow cytometry

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Transfusion Medicine
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Platelet transfusions are vital for treating thrombocytopenia and platelet function defects.
• Assessing the quality of platelet products using advanced techniques can enhance therapeutic value.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate stored platelet concentrates (PCs) for platelet indices, clot strength, and platelet function.
• To compare the quality of 24-hour-old platelet-rich plasma-derived PCs (PRP-PC) with freshly prepared platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Main Methods:

• Routine quality checks (platelet count, volume, pH, swirling, sterility) were performed.
• Platelet indices were analyzed using a hematology analyzer.
• Clot strength was assessed using thromboelastography (TEG).
• Platelet function (activation and aggregation) was evaluated via flow cytometry.

Main Results:

• Analyzed PRP-PCs (n=43) showed a mean volume of 69.1 mL and platelet count of 738.8 × 10^3 cells/μL.
• TEG revealed delayed clot initiation (60%) and higher clot strength (71.4%) in stored PCs.
• Flow cytometry indicated significantly lower platelet activation but significantly higher platelet aggregation in PRP-PCs compared to fresh PRP.

Conclusions:

• Platelet indices, TEG, and flow cytometry offer valuable insights into PC quality assessment.
• Processing and storage significantly impact platelet activity, necessitating further investigation.