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Mechanical energy changes during treadmill running.

S Sakurai, M Miyashita

    Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study explored mechanical energy changes in runners using two biomechanical models. The trunk segment significantly influenced energy variations, with internal kinetic energy opposing the center of mass model

    Area of Science:

    • Biomechanics
    • Human Movement Science
    • Sports Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the mechanical energy changes during locomotion is crucial for analyzing running efficiency.
    • Previous studies primarily focused on walking, leaving running energetics less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate mechanical energy variations during treadmill running.
    • To compare the utility of the multi-segment model versus the center of mass model in analyzing running.
    • To identify key body segments contributing to energy fluctuations during running.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two biomechanical models: a multi-segment model (11 rigid segments) and a center of mass (C.M.) model.
    • Recorded two university distance runners at 3.33 m/s and 2.67 m/s on a treadmill using high-speed cinematography (100 fps).

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  • Calculated instantaneous mechanical energies (ME total and ME C.M.) for two strides per trial.

    • Main Results:

    • The trunk segment was identified as the primary contributor to body energy variations, surpassing the limbs.
    • Internal kinetic energy (difference between ME total and ME C.M.) exhibited an inverse phase relationship with the C.M. model's energy.
    • These energy dynamics in running contrasted with findings from previous walking studies.

    Conclusions:

    • The trunk's significant role in energy variation is a key characteristic of running biomechanics.
    • The inverse relationship between internal kinetic energy and C.M. energy highlights unique aspects of running energetics.
    • Findings necessitate a re-evaluation of human locomotion models, particularly for high-speed activities like running.