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Related Concept Videos

Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Extraction of Lignin with High &#946;-O-4 Content by Mild Ethanol Extraction and Its Effect on the Depolymerization Yield
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Microbially degradable phenolic foams based on depolymerized Kraft lignin for hydrophilic applications.

Glen Cletus DSouza1, Chonlong Chio2, Aditya Venkatesh1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada.

Bioresource Technology
|January 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study explores using depolymerized Kraft lignin (DKL) to create sustainable biobased foams, replacing petroleum-based phenol. The resulting DKL-based foams show excellent water absorption and biodegradability, offering a greener alternative for floral and hydroponic applications.

Keywords:
BiodegradableFloralHydroponicsPhenol formaldehydeSustainable foamsWater absorbing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Phenol-formaldehyde (PF) foams, essential for floral and hydroponic uses, rely on non-renewable petroleum resources.
  • Developing sustainable alternatives is crucial for reducing environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate depolymerized Kraft lignin (DKL) as a viable, sustainable substitute for phenol in synthesizing hydrophilic biobased foams.
  • To evaluate the properties and biodegradability of DKL-based foams.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of hydrophilic biobased foams using varying percentages of DKL as a phenol substitute.
  • Characterization of foam properties including water absorption, density, open-cell content, and compressive strength.
  • Assessment of thermal stability and biodegradation using microbial incubation and analytical techniques (SEM, FT-IR).

Main Results:

  • Foams with 50% DKL substitution exhibited high water absorption (up to 2557%), low density (∼62 kg/m³), and near 100% open-cell content.
  • Compressive strength of DKL foams was comparable to commercial foams.
  • Foams with 10% DKL showed improved thermal stability over neat PF foams.
  • Significant weight loss (∼39%) was observed in 30% and 50% DKL foams after 15 days of biodegradation testing.

Conclusions:

  • Depolymerized Kraft lignin (DKL) is a promising sustainable feedstock for producing high-performance biobased foams.
  • DKL-based foams offer comparable functional properties to conventional PF foams while demonstrating enhanced biodegradability.
  • This research supports the transition towards renewable resources in foam production for horticultural applications.