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Daily participation in preterm-born children: An exploratory and comparative study

Sharon Zlotnik1, Ronen Bar-Yoseph2, Kareem Nasser1

  • 1Occupational Therapy Department, Zefat academic college, Israel.

Early Human Development
|January 18, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children born preterm, even with chronic lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia), participate in daily activities similarly to full-term peers. However, executive function challenges in preterm children warrant ongoing monitoring and support.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Preterm birth, especially with respiratory complications, can affect neurodevelopment and daily activity engagement.
  • Parental perspectives are crucial for understanding long-term health and quality of life in these children.
  • Early identification of participation challenges is vital for timely interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare parental perceptions of participation and daily performance in children born preterm versus term-born children.
  • To assess differences between early preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and late preterm infants.
  • To evaluate executive function and participation patterns in diverse preterm groups.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 48 children aged 7-11 years: term-born, early preterm with/without BPD, and late preterm.
  • Executive function was assessed using the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF).
  • Participation and enjoyment in activities were measured by the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE).

Main Results:

  • Atypical executive function scores were more common in early preterm children with BPD (14.2%).
  • No significant differences in overall participation were observed across all groups.
  • Children with BPD showed participation levels comparable to term-born and other preterm peers.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm children, including those with BPD, demonstrate similar participation levels to term-born peers despite executive function challenges.
  • Observed participation patterns may indicate compensatory strategies in preterm children.
  • Long-term executive function monitoring is essential, particularly for academic success and support.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronchopulmonary dysplasiaExecutive functionsParticipationPreterm birth

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