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Rational design of hypochlorous acid-activatable fluorescent probe for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic evaluation

Gang Nie1, Wenjie Liang2, Jun Wang1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology 430016 Wuhan, PR China.

Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
|January 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new fluorescent probe, QPIO, effectively detects hypochlorous acid (HClO) to monitor recurrent breast cancer (BC). This advancement aids in early diagnosis and tracking therapeutic progress for BC recurrence.

Keywords:
Breast cancer recurrenceDiagnostic imagingFluorescent probesHypochlorous acidSensors

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Recurrent breast cancer (BC) poses a significant clinical challenge with rising mortality rates.
  • Current detection methods for BC recurrence are insufficient.
  • Hypochlorous acid (HClO) imbalance is linked to BC progression and metastasis, necessitating accurate monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective detection of hypochlorous acid (HClO).
  • To investigate the role of HClO in breast cancer (BC) recurrence.
  • To establish a tool for diagnosing and monitoring BC recurrence in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a rational designed hypochlorous acid-activatable fluorescent probe (QPIO) based on phenothiazine, quinoline malononitrile, and hemicyanine.
  • In vitro detection of HClO levels in RAW 264.7 and 4T1 cells using QPIO.
  • In vivo fluorescence imaging in mouse models to correlate HClO levels with BC recurrence and therapeutic response.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized QPIO probe exhibited high anti-interference capability and a significant Stokes shift for HClO detection.
  • QPIO successfully monitored intracellular HClO levels in various cell lines.
  • A direct correlation between dynamic HClO level changes and breast cancer recurrence was established in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • QPIO is a promising tool for the early diagnosis and monitoring of recurrent breast cancer (BC).
  • The probe facilitates tracking therapeutic progress and understanding the biological role of HClO in BC recurrence.
  • This work provides a foundation for developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for recurrent BC.