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Can ChatGPT 4.0 Diagnose Acute Aortic Dissection? Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Medical Diagnostics
Aman Goyal1, Muhammad Daoud Tariq2, Areeba Ahsan2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Alchemist Hospitals, Panchkula, India.
The American Journal of Cardiology
|January 18, 2025
Summary
ChatGPT 4.0 can help identify acute aortic dissection (AD) by suggesting it as a differential diagnosis. This AI tool shows potential as a rapid screening method for physicians, aiding in early detection of this critical condition.
Area of Science:
- Medical Artificial Intelligence
- Cardiovascular Diagnostics
- Clinical Decision Support Systems
Background:
- Acute aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening emergency with high mortality.
- Misdiagnosis of AD is common due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions.
- The diagnostic utility of advanced AI in identifying AD requires investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT 4.0 in identifying acute aortic dissection.
- To assess ChatGPT 4.0's ability to generate differential diagnoses from patient case reports.
Main Methods:
- Systematic PubMed search for 'acute aortic dissection' case reports published in the last year.
- 10 case reports were randomly selected for analysis.
- Patient presentation and physical findings were inputted into ChatGPT 4.0 for differential diagnosis generation.
Main Results:
- ChatGPT 4.0 correctly listed acute aortic dissection (AD) in the top three differential diagnoses for all 10 cases.
- AD was identified as the provisional diagnosis by ChatGPT 4.0 in 50% of the cases.
- The study included patients aged 29-82, with hypertension being a common comorbidity.
Conclusions:
- ChatGPT 4.0 shows promise as a supportive tool for identifying potential acute aortic dissection (AD).
- The AI can serve as a rapid, cost-effective initial screening tool, prompting physicians to consider AD.
- Further research is needed to define the definitive role of AI in AD diagnosis.
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