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Updated: Jun 1, 2025

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Under pressure in the Eriksen flanker task.

Rob H J Van der Lubbe1, Bartłomiej Panek2, Izabela Szumska3

  • 1Faculty of Behavior, Management, and Social Sciences, University of Twente, the Netherlands; Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.

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|January 19, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Time pressure (TP) impairs reaction time and accuracy by affecting visuo-motor links and motor processes. These findings support affordance competition and urgency gating theories in cognitive psychology.

Keywords:
Affordance competitionEEGEMGGeneralized eigenvalue decompositionInter-source phase coherenceSATThetaTime pressureUrgency gating

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Experimental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Time pressure (TP) classically leads to a speed-accuracy tradeoff in performance.
  • This tradeoff is theoretically explained by affordance competition and urgency gating models.
  • These models posit that response selection involves competing action programs and response urgency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural dynamics underlying the effects of time pressure and flanker congruency.
  • To examine how time pressure influences visuo-motor processing and motor control.

Main Methods:

  • An experiment using the Eriksen flanker task with varying time pressure levels.
  • Collection of behavioral, electromyographic (EMG), and electroencephalographic (EEG) data.
  • EEG analysis included source-level time-frequency activity and inter-source phase coherence.

Main Results:

  • Time pressure significantly affected visuo-motor links and motoric processes, as evidenced by EEG and EMG data.
  • The flanker congruency effect was consistently observed from early sensory processing to final response execution.
  • Neural dynamics revealed specific impacts of time pressure on sensorimotor integration.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the combined perspectives of affordance competition and urgency gating in explaining performance under time pressure.
  • Time pressure modulates neural processes involved in action selection and execution.
  • The study elucidates the interplay between cognitive control and motor responses under stressful conditions.