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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

396
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Oogenesis02:07

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
279
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

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Overview
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Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Endometriosis and autoimmunity.

Luz P Blanco1, Noemi Salmeri2, Sarah M Temkin2

  • 1National Institute of Arthritis, and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|January 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endometriosis, affecting 1 in 10 individuals with a uterus, lacks non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. This review explores immune system links to endometriosis and autoimmunity, seeking better understanding and treatments for this chronic pelvic pain condition.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseaseAutoimmunityEndometriosisImmunologyInfertilityPain

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Immunology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Endometriosis is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by pelvic pain and infertility.
  • Current diagnosis relies on invasive surgical visualization due to a lack of non-invasive biomarkers.
  • Existing treatments offer only temporary symptom relief, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the shared biological mechanisms between endometriosis and autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore the role of immune system dysfunction in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
  • To identify potential immune-related targets for improved diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors influencing endometriosis.
  • Examination of immune system involvement in disease development and progression.

Main Results:

  • Chronic inflammation is a key feature in endometriosis development and progression.
  • Endometriosis frequently co-occurs with autoimmune diseases, suggesting shared immune pathways.
  • Specific immune drivers of endometriosis require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • Immune system dysfunction is strongly implicated in endometriosis pathogenesis.
  • Understanding immune-related connections may lead to the development of non-invasive biomarkers and more effective treatments.
  • Further research into innate and adaptive immunity is crucial for advancing endometriosis care.