Establishment of a mouse model of allergic asthma sensitized and triggered with PM2.5

To establish a mouse model of asthma sensitized and challenged with PM2.5 extract, 48 female BALB/c mice were included in this analysis. They were divided into six groups: normal control, ovalbumin (OVA) control, three PM2.5 dose groups, and a PM2.5+OVA combined group. Mice received intraperitoneal injections of PBS, OVA, PM2.5, or OVA+PM2.5 every 7 days for three weeks, followed by a one-week intranasal challenge. Airway responsiveness to acetylcholine was measured 24 hours post-challenge. Lung and nasal tissues were analyzed for histopathology, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was assessed for inflammatory cells and cytokines. Compared to controls, PM2.5 and PM2.5+OVA groups showed increased airway hyperresponsiveness, pathological changes, elevated serum IgE, and altered cytokine levels (higher IL-4, IL-13; lower IFN-γ). In conclusion, PM2.5 extract can successfully establish a mouse model of allergic asthma.