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Berberine Inhibited SASP-Related Inflammation through RXRα/PPARγ/NEDD4 Pathway in Atherosclerosis.

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Berberine (BBR) combats aging cell inflammation in atherosclerosis by targeting the RXRα/PPARγ/NEDD4 pathway. This natural compound reduces senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASP) and plaque progression in mouse models.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cellular Senescence
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Accumulated senescent cells, particularly foam cells in atherosclerotic plaques, drive chronic inflammation.
  • Berberine (BBR) is known to inhibit cell senescence, but its precise mechanisms in atherosclerosis remain unclear.
  • Understanding BBR's effects on senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASP) is crucial for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which Berberine (BBR) treats atherosclerotic senescence.
  • To investigate the role of the RXRα/PPARγ/NEDD4 signaling pathway in BBR's anti-senescence effects.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of BBR in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Atherosclerosis was induced in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet, followed by BBR treatment.
  • Plaque morphology and blood chemistry were analyzed; SASP-related proteins were detected in macrophages.
  • Smart-seq and lentivirus-mediated RXRα knockdown were employed to explore signaling pathways and validate findings.

Main Results:

  • BBR treatment reduced atherosclerotic plaque burden and inflammation associated with SASP.
  • BBR activated the RXRα/PPARγ/NEDD4 pathway, promoting ubiquitination and degradation of the GATA4/p62 complex.
  • Macrophage-specific knockdown of RXRα abolished BBR's anti-atherosclerotic and anti-senescence effects.

Conclusions:

  • Berberine (BBR) mitigates SASP-associated inflammation in atherosclerosis via the RXRα/PPARγ/NEDD4 pathway.
  • BBR enhances macrophage ubiquitination processes, leading to reduced inflammatory protein production.
  • Targeting the RXRα pathway with BBR presents a promising therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.