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Atomic spin precession electro-optic modulation detection based on guided mode resonant lithium niobate metasurfaces
Jie Sun1,2,3,4, Zhen Chai1,2,3,4, Yuqing Yang5
1Key Laboratory of Ultra-Weak Magnetic Field Measurement Technology Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. zhenchai@buaa.edu.cn.
Nanoscale
|January 20, 2025
Summary
A new compact optical modulator using thin-film lithium-niobate metasurfaces significantly reduces noise in atomic magnetometers. This miniaturized technology enhances sensitivity for ultrasensitive, ultracompact magnetic field detection systems.
Area of Science:
- Photonics and Materials Science
- Atomic Physics and Metrology
Background:
- Low-frequency noise (1/f noise) degrades performance in ultrasensitive atomic magnetometers.
- Conventional modulators are bulky, hindering the development of integrated, miniaturized atomic magnetometer systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate a compact thin-film lithium-niobate (TFLN) metasurface for efficient optical modulation.
- To enable miniaturization of atomic magnetometer systems for enhanced sensitivity.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a TFLN metasurface leveraging guided mode resonance for phase modulation.
- Characterization of modulation amplitude (0.063 rad at 100 kHz) and waveguide quality factor (166 at 795.8 nm).
Main Results:
- Achieved efficient phase modulation in a compact TFLN metasurface.
- Demonstrated over 90% volume reduction compared to conventional modulators.
- Attained an optical rotation angle measurement sensitivity of 4 × 10-7 rad Hz-1/2.
Conclusions:
- The TFLN metasurface platform offers a feasible approach for miniaturized optical modulation.
- This technology can lead to the development of ultrahigh-sensitivity, integrated atomic magnetometers.
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