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Auxin fluctuation and PIN polarization in moss leaf cell reprogramming
Han Tang1,2,3, Li-Hang Chen1, Jiří Friml2
1Graduate Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung 40227, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Plant & Cell Physiology
|January 20, 2025
Summary
Plant regeneration relies on auxin and PIN-FORMED (PIN) exporters. In the bryophyte Physcomitrium patens, PIN polarity, not just auxin levels, is crucial for efficient cell reprogramming during tissue repair.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Auxin and PIN-FORMED (PIN) transporters regulate essential processes in flowering plants, including tissue repair and regeneration.
- Physcomitrium patens, a bryophyte, exhibits significant cell reprogramming capacity, making it a model for studying regenerative mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the roles of auxin and PIN proteins in the cell reprogramming and regeneration of excised Physcomitrium patens leaves.
- To understand the evolutionary conservation and specific functions of auxin dynamics and PIN polarity in plant regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Manipulation of auxin levels through exogenous application, pharmacological treatments, and auxin biosynthesis mutants.
- Analysis of auxin dynamics and localization using fluorescent reporters (PpPINA-GFP).
- Assessment of cell reprogramming rates and identification of key roles for specific PIN variants.
Main Results:
- Excision of leaves led to an initial decrease in auxin levels, followed by a local increase preceding cell reprogramming.
- Physcomitrium patens PINs (PpPINs) are essential for effective cell reprogramming.
- Polar localization of PpPINA at future stem cell sites is critical, and hyperpolarized variants showed delayed reprogramming.
Conclusions:
- Both auxin levels and, more importantly, PIN polarity are critical for efficient cell reprogramming in Physcomitrium patens.
- PIN polarity plays a pivotal role in plant regeneration, with potential implications for improving regenerative strategies across diverse plant species.
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