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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Operations Management
  • Trauma System Performance
  • Quality Improvement in Healthcare

Background:

  • Trauma systems offer comprehensive care but lack operational management research.
  • Operations management (OM) techniques can optimize trauma system efficiency and patient outcomes.
  • This study addresses the need for innovation in trauma care operations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the integration of operations management (OM) techniques in trauma systems.
  • To enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of trauma care delivery.
  • To improve patient outcomes through optimized system performance.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review using the PICOTS framework.
  • Searched 5 databases for articles from 2006-2024 on trauma systems and emergency management.
  • Applied Donabedian's framework to analyze structure, process, and outcome dimensions.

Main Results:

  • 160 studies were included in the systematic review.
  • Structural elements included facility location and EMS logistics; process indicators focused on triage and timeliness.
  • Outcome-oriented studies predominantly evaluated mortality rates.

Conclusions:

  • Current trauma system evaluation metrics (triage, mortality) are inadequate.
  • Propose expanding metrics to include patient length of stay (LOS) and rehabilitation trajectory.
  • Further research on LOS modeling and rehabilitation data is crucial for optimizing trauma care.