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Related Concept Videos

Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors01:27

Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

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Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

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Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above...
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Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Assessing Blood pressure in the Leg01:11

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Proper measurement of leg blood pressure is a critical skill for healthcare providers, ensuring precise and reliable readings. When performed correctly, this procedure informs patient care and enhances the efficacy of interventions. The following text outlines step-by-step guidelines to measure blood pressure in the leg, providing clarity and ease of understanding for practitioners.
Preparation:
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2025

A Mini-Invasive Internal Fixation Technique for Studying Immobilization-Induced Knee Flexion Contracture in Rats
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When the patient can't walk away.

Edwin Jesudason1

  • 1Rehabilitation Medicine, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK edwin.jesudason@nhs.scot.

Journal of Medical Ethics
|January 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disagreements over medical treatment do not automatically indicate a patient

Keywords:
Ethics- MedicalMental Competency

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Law
  • Public Health
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Disagreements between clinicians and patients regarding treatment decisions can raise questions about patient capacity.
  • The case of Ms Sudiksha Thirumalesh highlights differing legal judgments on patient capacity, specifically concerning the role of "false belief".

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the legal judgments concerning patient capacity and treatment refusal.
  • To explore the implications of a disability perspective in resolving such disputes.
  • To propose strategies for reducing litigation in complex medical treatment disagreements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of legal judgments from the Court of Protection and Court of Appeal.
  • Examination of the concept of "false belief" as an indicator of incapacity.
  • Consideration of a disability rights framework and its application to medical ethics.

Main Results:

  • The Court of Appeal disagreed with the Court of Protection's finding of incapacity based on isolated false belief.
  • A disability perspective reveals that burdens and benefits of treatment may be perceived differently by disabled individuals.
  • Litigation costs and the risk of epistemic injustice are significant concerns in cases involving disabled patients.

Conclusions:

  • Isolated false beliefs should not be the sole determinant of a patient's capacity to decide on treatment.
  • Greater emphasis on discussing treatment benefits, burdens, and costs is crucial.
  • Involving Rehabilitation Medicine early can help resolve disputes and reduce litigation, particularly for disabled patients.