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Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency and Growth Rates in Soil: Global Patterns and Drivers.

Junxi Hu1,2, Yongxing Cui3, Stefano Manzoni4

  • 1College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.

Global Change Biology
|January 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in soil is higher in grasslands than forests and croplands. Faster microbial growth correlates with increased CUE, impacting soil carbon cycling.

Keywords:
carbon cyclingcarbon use efficiencymicrobial physiologymicrobial stoichiometrynutrient limitation

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Area of Science:

  • Soil science
  • Microbiology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) determines how much soil organic carbon microbes utilize for growth versus respiration.
  • Understanding CUE is crucial for predicting soil carbon sequestration and microbial responses to environmental changes.
  • Microbial necromass formation from turnover contributes to soil organic matter stabilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the large-scale regulatory factors and spatial patterns of soil microbial CUE across different biomes.
  • To compare CUE estimates derived from three common measurement approaches.
  • To explore the relationship between microbial CUE, growth rates, and soil properties.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled and analyzed 670 individual CUE data points from global soil samples.
  • Utilized three primary methods: 13C-substrate tracing, 18O-water incorporation into DNA, and stoichiometric modeling.
  • Examined CUE variations across forests, grasslands, and croplands.

Main Results:

  • Global mean microbial CUE varied by method: 0.59 (13C-substrate), 0.34 (stoichiometric modeling), and 0.34 (18O-water).
  • Microbial CUE was highest in grasslands, followed by croplands, and then forests.
  • A power-law relationship showed increased CUE with higher microbial growth rates, which were influenced by soil organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and the fungi/bacteria ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial growth rate is a key factor regulating CUE, with faster growth leading to higher efficiency.
  • Findings highlight the importance of biome type and soil properties in influencing microbial carbon dynamics.
  • This research provides insights into microbial physiological responses to climate change and ecosystem disturbances affecting carbon cycling.