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Decavanadate Compound Displays In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Effect on Melanoma Models.

Amine Essid1, Ines Elbini1, Regaya Ksiksi2

  • 1Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR20IPT01 Biomolécules, Venins et Application Théranostiques (LBVAT), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia.

Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications
|January 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A novel decavanadate compound, Mg2Na2V10O28·20H2O, shows significant antimelanoma effects, reducing tumor viability and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. This promising agent exhibits lower toxicity to normal cells compared to cisplatin, offering a potential new therapeutic strategy for melanoma.

Keywords:
antitumor agentscancer inhibitorcell migrationdecavanadatemelanomapolyoxometalatespolyoxovanadate

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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Current melanoma treatments face limitations due to side effects and treatment resistance.
  • Decavanadate compounds show potential as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel decavanadate compound, Mg2Na2V10O28·20H2O.
  • To investigate the structural stability and antimelanoma effects of this compound.
  • To compare its efficacy and toxicity with cisplatin.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and structural analysis of Mg2Na2V10O28·20H2O using X-ray diffraction.
  • In vitro cytotoxicity assays on human and murine melanoma cell lines (IGR39, IGR37, SKMEL28, B16-F10) and normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT).
  • In vitro inhibition assays for cell adhesion and migration.
  • In vivo studies on B16-F10 allografted mice to assess tumor growth inhibition and anti-inflammatory effects.

Main Results:

  • The compound Mg2Na2V10O28·20H2O crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group C2/c).
  • It demonstrated dose-dependent reduction in melanoma cell viability with IC50 values significantly lower than cisplatin after 72h.
  • The compound exhibited weak cytotoxicity on HaCaT cells, unlike cisplatin.
  • Inhibition of melanoma cell adhesion and migration was observed.
  • In vivo, a non-toxic dose suppressed tumor growth by 70% and reduced inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Mg2Na2V10O28·20H2O is a structurally stable compound with potent antimelanoma activity.
  • It shows a favorable therapeutic index compared to cisplatin.
  • The compound effectively inhibits melanoma cell adhesion, migration, and tumor growth.
  • Decavanadate compounds represent a promising class of agents for melanoma treatment.