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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Routine HIV Testing for People Who Inject Drugs Hospitalized With Infective Endocarditis in the United States: A

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Hospitalized patients, especially people who inject drugs, should receive routine HIV screening. Nurse-led initiatives can identify undiagnosed infections and interrupt transmission during acute care stays.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nursing

Background:

  • HIV screening is not standard for acutely ill, hospitalized patients.
  • Hospitalization offers a critical chance to diagnose HIV and prevent transmission.
  • People who inject drugs often have limited healthcare contact, making hospitalizations vital touchpoints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the missed opportunity for HIV screening in acutely ill patients.
  • To advocate for nurse-led HIV screening protocols in acute care settings.
  • To emphasize the importance of testing for people who inject drugs hospitalized with infective endocarditis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in acute care and emergency medicine settings.
  • Discussion of the role of nurses and nurse practitioners in HIV screening.
  • Analysis of the potential impact of universal HIV testing protocols.

Main Results:

  • Hospitalizations represent a key opportunity for identifying undiagnosed HIV infections.
  • Nurse-led screening initiatives are being piloted in acute care settings.
  • Targeted screening can interrupt HIV transmission chains within vulnerable populations.

Conclusions:

  • Routine HIV screening should be integrated into acute care for all patients.
  • Nurses are essential in implementing comprehensive HIV testing strategies.
  • Addressing HIV among people who inject drugs requires proactive screening during hospitalizations for conditions like infective endocarditis.