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Ultrasonic characterization of 3D-printed polymer objects.

Timoteo F de Oliveira¹, André C M Cavalheiro¹, F Buiochi¹

¹Department of Mechatronics and Mechanical Systems Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

|January 21, 2025

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Ultrasonic testing reveals vat photopolymerization 3D printing produces superior, low-porosity parts compared to material extrusion. This impacts mechanical and acoustic properties, crucial for applications like ultrasonic lenses.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Additive Manufacturing
Ultrasonic Testing

Background:

3D printing (Additive Manufacturing) offers versatile prototyping but mechanical properties vary with materials and techniques.
Understanding these properties is key for optimizing 3D-printed component performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize mechanical and acoustic properties of 3D-printed polymers using ultrasonic testing.
To compare material extrusion and vat photopolymerization techniques.

Main Methods:

Utilized ultrasonic testing to evaluate seven polymer materials (nylon, PET-G, flexible polymer, polycarbonate, ABS, PLA, photopolymer resin).
Analyzed samples produced via material extrusion and vat photopolymerization.
Performed microscopic analysis to assess sample porosity.

Keywords:

3D printing Acoustical characterization Additive manufacturing Polymer

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Main Results:

Vat photopolymerization yielded high-quality samples with minimal dimensional deviations and low porosity, indicating homogeneity.
Material extrusion samples exhibited significant porosity (gaps between filaments), impacting mechanical and acoustic properties.
Ultrasonic testing determined key parameters like Young's modulus, shear modulus, acoustic impedance, and absorption.

Conclusions:

Vat photopolymerization is superior for producing dimensionally stable and homogeneous 3D-printed parts.
Material extrusion's porosity negatively affects mechanical and acoustic performance.
Findings aid in designing enhanced ultrasonic lenses and lab-on-a-chip devices.