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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
Published on: June 21, 2017
Cuprous oxide-functionalized activated porous carbon-modified screen-printed carbon electrode integrated with a
Sangay Wangchuk1, Kiattisak Promsuwan2, Jenjira Saichanapan3
1Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Department of Physical Sciences, Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Kanglung, 42002, Trashigang, Bhutan.
Abstract:
Nitrate (NO3-) is a widespread contaminant in drinking water. An electrochemical NO3- sensor was developed based on a first-time application of materials. Activated porous carbon (APC) was synthesized by carbonizing orange peel (OP) activated with KOH. Cuprous oxide crystals were uniformly decorated by electrodeposition on a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with the synthesized APC (Cu2O@APC/SPE). The modified electrode was integrated with a portable potentiostat interfaced with a smartphone to create a chronoamperometric nitrate sensor. The modified electrodes were structurally and morphologically characterized using conventional techniques, while electrochemical tests were performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA). The electrode material exhibited a highly porous structure, large accessible active surface areas, and excellent conductivity, which enhanced electrocatalytic performances. The developed NO3- sensor displayed a wide linear range (4-1000 μM) and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.2 μM. The sensor demonstrated good precision, selectivity, and reasonable recoveries. The real-world application of the NO3- sensor was validated using water samples. The sensor shows promise for applications in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, forensic investigations, and environmental monitoring.
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