Smoking as a causative factor in chronic kidney disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Smoking significantly increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Quitting smoking offers a protective effect, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation for kidney health.
Area Of Science
- Genetics and Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Nephrology
Background
- Smoking is a known health risk, but its direct causal link to chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires further investigation.
- Understanding the specific smoking behaviors associated with CKD is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the causal relationship between various smoking behaviors and the risk of developing CKD.
- To determine the impact of smoking initiation, cessation, intensity, and duration on CKD incidence.
Main Methods
- Utilized bivariate causal analysis and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) with genome-wide data.
- Employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, sensitivity analyses, pleiotropy assessments, and mediation analyses.
- Validated findings using independent external datasets.
Main Results
- Confirmed positive associations between CKD and smoking initiation, earlier age of initiation, higher daily cigarette consumption, and lifetime smoking.
- Demonstrated a significant protective effect of smoking cessation against CKD.
- Identified body mass index, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes as mediators of smoking's effect on CKD.
Conclusions
- Establishes smoking as a significant contributing factor to the development of CKD.
- Supports public health strategies focused on smoking reduction and cessation to decrease CKD prevalence.
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