Adenomyosis-Induced Urinary Retention: Case Analysis and Clinical Implications

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Urology

Background:

• Acute urinary retention (AUR) is uncommon in non-pregnant women, often linked to lower urinary tract issues, neurological conditions, or pelvic organ compression.
• Adenomyosis, characterized by endometrial tissue within the uterine muscle, typically presents with dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding.
• While adenomyosis is prevalent, its role in causing urinary retention is rare but clinically significant.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of recurrent acute urinary retention caused by adenomyosis.
• To highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for adenomyosis-induced urinary retention.

Main Methods:

• A case report detailing a patient with a 20-year history of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia presenting with recurrent AUR.
• Diagnostic imaging revealed significant posterior uterine wall thickening and uterine enlargement.
• Treatment involved a total laparoscopic hysterectomy after conservative measures failed.

Main Results:

• The patient experienced complete resolution of urinary retention symptoms post-hysterectomy.
• Urinary function normalized rapidly after surgery.
• No recurrence of urinary retention or related symptoms was observed during follow-up.

Conclusions:

• Adenomyosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained or recurrent urinary retention in women, especially those with a history of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia.
• Total hysterectomy offers an effective treatment option for adenomyosis-related urinary retention, significantly improving quality of life.
• This case underscores the importance of individualized treatment strategies for complex gynecologic conditions impacting urinary function.