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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2025

Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells
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Relationship Between Short-Term Outcomes and PD-L1 Expression Based on Combined Positive Score and Tumor Proportion

Akihiro Ohara1, Taisuke Mori2, Mai Itoyama1

  • 1Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Cancer Reports (Hoboken, N.J.)
|January 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combined Positive Score (CPS) better predicts anti-PD-1 antibody therapy efficacy in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC) than Tumor Proportion Score (TPS). A CPS of 50 indicates better outcomes, while low TPS identifies non-responders.

Keywords:
biomarkerschemotherapyhead and neck cancerprognostic factor

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • PD-L1 expression is a key biomarker for anti-PD-1 antibody (APA) therapy efficacy in various cancers.
  • Pembrolizumab and nivolumab are used for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M-HNSCC) based on PD-L1 expression (CPS or TPS).
  • Optimal PD-L1 evaluation method and cut-off for predicting APA therapy in R/M-HNSCC remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between PD-L1 expression (CPS and TPS) and short-term outcomes in R/M-HNSCC patients receiving APA monotherapy.
  • To determine the optimal PD-L1 cut-off values for predicting treatment response.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of R/M-HNSCC patients treated with APA monotherapy (2018-2021).
  • PD-L1 expression evaluated by Combined Positive Score (CPS) and Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) using the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx assay.
  • Short-term outcomes assessed by clinical benefit rate (CBR), objective response rate (ORR), and progression-free survival (PFS).

Main Results:

  • A CPS cut-off of 50 predicted better CBR and PFS (8.4 vs. 3.2 months).
  • Higher ORR and CBR were observed with positive CPS.
  • TPS < 1% was associated with significantly poorer PFS (1.9 vs. 4.5 months), identifying non-benefiting patients.

Conclusions:

  • Positive CPS is associated with better short-term efficacy of APA monotherapy in R/M-HNSCC.
  • TPS is valuable in identifying R/M-HNSCC patients unlikely to benefit from APA monotherapy.