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Ventricular-arterial coupling: changes with ageing and implications across cardiovascular conditions

Mateusz Gaczoł1, Marek Rajzer1, Wiktoria Wojciechowska1

  • 11st Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Arterial Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.

Blood Pressure
|January 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) declines with age due to arterial stiffening and reduced heart function. Novel metrics like the pulse wave velocity/global longitudinal strain (PWV/GLS) ratio may improve assessment of cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC) describes the interaction between the left ventricle and arterial system.
  • Ageing and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) significantly impact VAC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review changes in VAC with ageing and common CVDs.
  • To explore traditional and emerging VAC assessment methods.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on VAC in ageing and CVDs (hypertension, AF, HFpEF, HFrEF, AS).
  • Analysis of traditional measures (arterial elastance [Ea], ventricular elastance [Ees]) and novel parameters (global longitudinal strain [GLS], pulse wave velocity [PWV]).

Main Results:

  • Ageing increases Ea and Ees, maintaining a stable Ea/Ees ratio.
  • The novel PWV/GLS ratio shows greater impairment in older adults, offering a comprehensive VAC evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Ageing impairs VAC via arterial stiffening and reduced cardiac function, often worsened by CVDs.
  • The PWV/GLS ratio may enhance VAC assessment for managing age-related cardiovascular conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ea/EesPWV/GLSVentricular-arterial couplingageingelderly

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