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Asthma-related deaths in Brazil: data from an ecological study
Amanda da Rocha Oliveira Cardoso1, Anna Carolina Galvão Ferreira1, Marcelo Fouad Rabahi1
1. Departamento de Pneumologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia (GO), Brasil.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to present epidemiological data on hospitalizations and deaths related to asthma in Brazil over the past 11 years.
Methods:
An ecological study was conducted on asthma-related hospitalizations and mortality in Brazil from 2013 to 2023, using data extracted from the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System and the Mortality Information System.
Results:
Asthma-related deaths showed an increasing trend during the analyzed period. A surge in deaths was observed in 2022 compared to 2014 (difference between means = 56.08 ± 19.7; 95% CI = 15.2-96.9). The mean number of deaths was higher among females, with their rate remaining stable, while the rate for males increased. Individuals aged >60 years accounted for approximately 65% of all asthma-related deaths from 2013 to 2023, with a strong direct correlation observed between age and the number of deaths, regardless of sex. During the same period, the total number of asthma-related hospitalizations in Brazil showed a declining trend, decreasing from 134,322 in 2013 to 87,707 in 2023.
Conclusion:
Over the past 11 years, asthma-related deaths have increased in Brazil, with the majority occurring among females. Older individuals accounted for most asthma-related deaths, and a positive correlation was observed between age and the number of deaths.
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