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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.2K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.2K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Energy Bands in Solids01:01

Energy Bands in Solids

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Isolated atoms have discrete energy levels that are well described by the Bohr model. And, it quantifies the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom as En. Higher quantum numbers 'n' yield less negative, closer electron energy levels.
 Band Formation:
When atoms are brought close together, as in a solid, these discrete energy levels begin to split due to the overlap of electron orbitals from adjacent atoms. This split occurs because of the Pauli exclusion principle, which states...
691
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

14.0K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
14.0K
Atomic Structure01:17

Atomic Structure

10.8K
The Greek philosopher Democritus proposed that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles called atomos, Greek for "indivisible," from which the modern term "atom" is derived. In the 19th century, John Dalton proposed the atomic theory that is still largely correct today. He put forth five postulates to explain how atoms made up the world around us. (1) All matter is composed of infinitely small particles or atoms. (2) All atoms of a given element are identical to one...
10.8K
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

282
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
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Atomistic Insights into Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials and Their Heterostructures.

Soumyajit Rajak1, Jeremy F Schultz1, Linfei Li1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA;

Annual Review of Physical Chemistry
|January 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Elemental two-dimensional (2D) materials beyond graphene offer unique properties for advanced electronics. This review highlights their synthesis, structure, and potential in heterostructures.

Keywords:
heterostructuresinterfacesmolecular beam epitaxyscanning tunneling microscopytwo-dimensional materialsultrathin films

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A Standard and Reliable Method to Fabricate Two-Dimensional Nanoelectronics
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A Standard and Reliable Method to Fabricate Two-Dimensional Nanoelectronics
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials, inspired by graphene, are crucial for advanced optoelectronics and energy applications.
  • Their unique properties include tunable bandgaps, Dirac fermions, and efficient charge transport.
  • Main group elemental 2D materials are gaining attention for their distinct structures and synthetic versatility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent atomic-scale studies on elemental 2D materials.
  • To emphasize synthetic strategies and structural properties of these materials.
  • To discuss challenges and future prospects for integrating elemental 2D materials into heterostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of atomic-scale studies.
  • Analysis of synthetic methodologies for elemental 2D materials.
  • Examination of structural characteristics and property tunability.

Main Results:

  • Elemental 2D materials exhibit diverse structural motifs and electronic properties.
  • Various synthesis techniques enable controlled fabrication of these materials.
  • Significant progress has been made in understanding their fundamental properties.

Conclusions:

  • Elemental 2D materials represent a promising class of materials for next-generation electronic devices.
  • Further research into synthesis and heterostructure integration is essential.
  • These materials offer a tunable platform for exploring novel quantum phenomena.