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Integrated omics analyses elucidate acetaminophen biodegradation by Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8.

Bhavana Pandey1, Anand Kumar Pandey2, Suresh Kumar Dubey1

  • 1Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.

Journal of Environmental Management
|January 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8 effectively degrades acetaminophen (APAP), a common environmental contaminant. This study elucidates the genomic and proteomic mechanisms behind its potent bioremediation capabilities.

Keywords:
AcetaminophenBioremediationEmerging contaminantMicrocosm kineticsMulti-omics approaches

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Bioremediation
  • Pharmaceutical pollution

Background:

  • Acetaminophen (APAP) is a widely used pharmaceutical and a significant environmental contaminant.
  • Inefficient wastewater treatment leads to the widespread presence of APAP, necessitating effective remediation strategies.
  • Microbial degradation offers a sustainable approach to removing APAP from contaminated environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8 for acetaminophen degradation.
  • To elucidate the underlying genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic mechanisms of APAP biodegradation.
  • To explore the potential of Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8 in developing sustainable bioremediation technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Microcosm experiments to assess APAP degradation efficiency by Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8.
  • Whole genome sequencing to identify potential APAP-degrading genes.
  • Proteomic analysis to confirm the expression of relevant proteins.
  • Metabolomic analysis to identify degradation intermediates.
  • Molecular docking and simulations to understand enzyme-substrate interactions.

Main Results:

  • Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8 degraded approximately 88% of APAP (300 mg kg⁻¹) in 16 days.
  • Genomic analysis identified key genes including deaminated glutathione amidase and oxidoreductases involved in degradation.
  • Proteomic data confirmed increased expression of proteins associated with these identified genes.
  • Metabolomic analysis revealed hydroxyquinol, 4-aminophenol, and 3-hydroxy-cis, cis-muconate as degradation intermediates.
  • Molecular docking supported the binding of intermediates to the catalytic sites of identified enzymes.

Conclusions:

  • Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8 possesses a robust enzymatic system for acetaminophen degradation.
  • The study provides a mechanistic understanding of APAP biodegradation by this bacterial strain.
  • These findings support the development of Enterobacter sp. APAP_BS8 for practical bioremediation applications.