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Selection of High-Affinity and Selectivity AFB₁ Circular Aptamer for Biosensor Application.

Lili Yao¹, Tao Liu¹, Long Sun¹

¹School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

|January 22, 2025

Summary

A new circular aptamer detects aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a toxic food contaminant, with high sensitivity. This advance enables a rapid biosensor for improved food safety monitoring.

Keywords:

DNAzyme MCGO-based SELEX aflatoxin B1 biosensor circular aptamer

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Biosensor Technology

Background:

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a highly toxic food contaminant requiring sensitive detection methods.
Circular aptamers offer enhanced stability and compatibility with amplification techniques like rolling circle amplification (RCA).

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize circular aptamers for high-affinity and selective binding of AFB1.
To create a sensitive biosensor for AFB1 detection using the selected circular aptamer.

Main Methods:

Magnetic chain graphene oxide-based SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) was used to generate circular aptamers.
An RCA-assisted allosteric DNAzyme biosensor was constructed utilizing the selected circular aptamer.
The aptasensor's performance was evaluated using spiked rice and corn samples.

Main Results:

A circular aptamer, CAFB1-A-2, was selected with high affinity and selectivity for AFB1.
The binding mechanism of the circular aptamer involved both enthalpy and entropy, differing from linear aptamers.
The developed biosensor achieved a low detection limit of 265 pM for AFB1 in solution.
AFB1 was successfully detected in spiked food samples (rice and corn) with low detection limits (11 μg/kg and 9 μg/kg, respectively) within 4 hours.

Conclusions:

Circular aptamers provide a stable and effective platform for AFB1 detection.
The RCA-assisted allosteric DNAzyme biosensor offers a sensitive and reliable method for AFB1 quantification.
This approach holds significant potential for enhancing food safety surveillance and preventing health risks associated with AFB1 contamination.