Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

5.9K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
5.9K
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

4.1K
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
4.1K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

9.7K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
9.7K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

50.1K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.1K
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

73.6K
Overview
73.6K
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

3.5K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multi-ancestry, trans-generational GWAS meta-analysis of gestational diabetes and glycaemic traits during pregnancy reveals limited evidence of pregnancy-specific genetic effects.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies genetic drivers of bile acid metabolism in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A meta-analysis identifies driver genes and characterizes the molecular epidemiology of colorectal cancer.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Global multi-ancestry genome-wide analyses identify genes and biological pathways associated with thyroid cancer and benign thyroid diseases.

Nature genetics·2026
Same author

Development and validation of a neural network survival prediction model for ischemic heart disease.

Cardiovascular diabetology·2026
Same author

CNValidatron: accurate and efficient validation of PennCNV calls using computer vision.

BMC bioinformatics·2026
Same journal

Six ways to put the public at the heart of science and policy.

Nature·2026
Same journal

The complex truth about trust in science.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Have people stopped trusting science? The data tell a surprising story.

Nature·2026
Same journal

How FAIR data are helping to build trust in science.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Scientists should recognize their own political biases to build public trust.

Nature·2026
Same journal

Harmonizing standards and resources for the medical genome.

Nature·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
14:23

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

Published on: July 13, 2013

19.2K

Complete human recombination maps.

Gunnar Palsson1, Marteinn T Hardarson1,2, Hakon Jonsson1

  • 1deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.

Nature
|January 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human recombination maps now include non-cross-over (NCO) events, revealing sex-specific differences in meiosis. This new understanding of NCOs impacts studies of population history, natural selection, and de novo mutations.

More Related Videos

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

16.5K
Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction
08:01

Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: November 20, 2018

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
14:23

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

Published on: July 13, 2013

19.2K
Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

16.5K
Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction
08:01

Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: November 20, 2018

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Human Population Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Human recombination maps are vital for genetic studies but traditionally omit non-cross-over (NCO) events.
  • Detecting NCOs, the predominant form of recombination, has been challenging, limiting comprehensive map creation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop complete, sex-specific human recombination maps incorporating both cross-over (CO) and non-cross-over (NCO) events.
  • To investigate the role of NCOs in sex differences in meiosis, de novo mutation rates, and their relationship with maternal age.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized whole-genome sequence data from families to estimate parent-to-offspring NCO transmission.
  • Derived comprehensive recombination maps by integrating NCO and CO data.

Main Results:

  • Established sex-specific recombination maps, revealing mothers have fewer but longer NCOs than fathers.
  • Demonstrated NCOs are more prevalent in centromeres and significantly contribute to de novo mutations, particularly with increasing maternal age.
  • Observed NCO accumulation in oocytes is not regulated by maternal age.

Conclusions:

  • Non-cross-over events are crucial for understanding human genetic variation and evolution.
  • NCOs highlight significant sex-specific differences in meiosis, with maternal NCOs potentially linked to oocyte protection.
  • The findings necessitate a re-evaluation of recombination's role in mutation processes and population genetics.