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ABO and RhD blood groups as contributors to dyslipidaemia - a cross-sectional study
Malin Mickelsson1, Kim Ekblom2,3, Kristina Stefansson2
1Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, Building 6M 2:Nd Floor, 901 85, Umeå, Sweden. malin.mickelsson@umu.se.
Insights
The RhD blood group, not ABO, is linked to dyslipidemia in younger men. RhD-negative individuals showed higher cholesterol, suggesting a potential cardiovascular disease risk marker.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Genetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The ABO blood group is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), potentially mediated by dyslipidemia in non-O individuals.
- Limited research exists on the RhD factor's link to CVD, though recent findings suggest an association between RhD-negative status and subclinical atherosclerosis.
- This study investigates the association between ABO blood groups, RhD factor, and dyslipidemia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if ABO blood groups are associated with dyslipidemia.
- To investigate the association between the RhD factor and dyslipidemia.
- To explore potential blood group-based risk markers for cardiovascular disease.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of plasma lipid levels (total, LDL, HDL, remnant, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides) in 3532 participants from the VIPVIZA study.
- Linking VIPVIZA participant data with the SCANDAT-3 database to retrieve ABO and RhD blood group information for 85% of participants.
- Statistical analysis to compare lipid levels across different ABO blood groups and RhD factor statuses.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in lipid levels were observed between ABO blood groups O and non-O individuals.
- Younger (40-year-old) RhD-negative males exhibited significantly higher levels of non-HDL cholesterol (1.21 ratio), LDL cholesterol (1.20 ratio), and remnant cholesterol (1.38 ratio) compared to RhD-positive males.
- No significant associations between RhD blood group and lipid levels were found in women or older age groups.
Conclusions:
- The RhD blood group, specifically in younger men, is associated with dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated non-HDL, LDL, and remnant cholesterol.
- The ABO blood group does not appear to be associated with dyslipidemia in this cohort.
- The RhD factor may serve as a potential future risk marker for cardiovascular disease, particularly in specific demographic groups.
Background:
The ABO blood group system has shown an association with cardiovascular disease. The susceptibility to CVD is proposed to be partly mediated by dyslipidaemia in non-O individuals. Previous studies are scarce for the RhD blood group, but we recently showed that RhD - young individuals are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Hence, we sought to examine whether the ABO blood groups and RhD factor are associated with dyslipidaemia.
Methods:
All participants were part of the VIPVIZA study, including 3532 individuals with available plasma lipid levels. Lipids were assessed as total, LDL, HDL, remnant, non-HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. Information about ABO and RhD was retrieved by linking VIPVIZA with the SCANDAT-3 database, where 85% of VIPVIZA participants were registered.
Results:
For the ABO blood groups, no significant differences in lipid levels between non-O and O individuals were seen. In 40-year-old males, RhD - individuals compared to RhD + had higher levels of non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and remnant cholesterol, with ratios of geometric means of 1.21 (CI95% 1.03; 1.43), 1.20 (1.02; 1.41) and 1.38 (1.00; 1.92), respectively. No differences in lipid levels depending on the RhD blood group were seen in women or the older age groups.
Conclusion:
Our study indicates that younger RhD - men have increased non-HDL, LDL, and remnant cholesterol levels. Thus, the RhD blood group, but not ABO, seems to be associated with dyslipidaemia and may act as a future possible risk marker of cardiovascular disease.
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