Association of Sleep Duration and Daytime Napping With Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hyperuricemia (HUA), marked by elevated serum urate levels, is increasingly prevalent worldwide. The relationship between lifestyle factors such as sleep duration, daytime napping, and HUA risk remains unclear. Although some studies suggest that sleep variables, including short or long sleep durations and napping, may influence serum uric acid levels, results are inconsistent.

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched until February 2024. The data were extracted, and the quality of the study was assessed independently by two reviewers.

Ten studies involving a total of 231 978 participants were included. Short sleep duration was related to higher risk of HUA (odds ratio (OR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.18), while long sleep duration had no significant effect (OR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.89-1.07). The risk of HUA and daytime napping was statistically significant(OR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.12-1.61).

Short sleep duration and prolonged daytime napping are associated with an increased risk of HUA. These findings suggest that sleep patterns should be considered in lifestyle interventions for HUA prevention. Further research is required to establish causal relationships.