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Exploring the Involvement of New Members of the Interleukin Family in Cardiovascular Disease

Abdullah Al Noman1, Sanzida Alam Flora1, Monty Datta2

  • 1School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.

Current Cardiology Reviews
|January 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Newer interleukins, including IL-27, IL-31, IL-32, IL-33, and the IL-28 group, are increasingly linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Understanding their roles offers potential new therapeutic targets for heart conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading global cause of mortality.
  • While some interleukins are known CVD factors, novel members of this family are emerging as significant players.
  • Recent research highlights specific interleukins' potential impact on cardiovascular health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of recently identified interleukins in cardiovascular disease development.
  • To explore the mechanisms and implications of interleukins like IL-27, IL-31, IL-32, IL-33, and the IL-28 group in CVD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on novel interleukins and CVD.
  • Analysis of interleukin-specific receptors, signaling pathways, and their effects on inflammation and vascular function.

Main Results:

  • IL-27 may reduce inflammation in atherosclerosis by controlling Th17 cell development.
  • IL-31 is implicated in neuro-immune interactions and pruritus, with potential CVD relevance.
  • IL-32 promotes inflammatory protein generation and is linked to coronary artery disease.
  • IL-33 demonstrates cardioprotective effects; its decoy receptor sST2 may serve as a biomarker.
  • The IL-28 group's antiviral and immune-modulating roles in CVD require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Novel interleukins play diverse roles in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis through distinct pathways.
  • Elucidating these cytokine interactions can reveal new therapeutic targets for CVD prevention and treatment.
  • Further research is essential to understand how these interleukins engage with established CVD pathways.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseIL-27IL-28IL-29IL-31IL-32IL-33atherosclerosisheart failureinterleukin

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