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Gradient Design with Low-Tortuosity Overcoming Kinetic Limitations in High-Loading Solid-State Cathodes.

Guangzeng Cheng1, Jinping Yu1, Yonghui Wang1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|January 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Developing advanced solid-state batteries (SSBs) requires high-loading cathodes. This study introduces a conductivity gradient cathode design that overcomes ion transport limitations, enabling fast charging and high energy density in thick cathodes.

Keywords:
composite cathodegradienthigh-loadinglow-tortuositysolid-state battery

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Commercialization of solid-state batteries (SSBs) is hindered by limitations in thick cathode performance.
  • Tortuous ion transport pathways and slow solid-solid diffusion in thick cathodes impede electrochemical kinetics and limit capacity at high current densities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel cathode structure for high-loading solid-state batteries that enables fast charging.
  • To overcome kinetic limitations in thick cathodes by improving ion transport and mitigating concentration gradients.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of a conductivity gradient cathode with low-tortuosity ion pathways.
  • Electrochemical testing of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and LiFePO4 cathodes under various current densities.
  • Evaluation of room-temperature (RT) capacities and areal capacities.

Main Results:

  • LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes achieved RT capacities of 147 mAh g-1 at 5C and 110 mAh g-1 at 10C.
  • A RT areal capacity of 3.3 mAh cm-2 was achieved at 3C for LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathodes.
  • The conductivity gradient strategy demonstrated universality in LiFePO4 cathodes.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed conductivity gradient cathode design effectively enhances ion transport and enables fast charging in thick solid-state battery cathodes.
  • This approach facilitates simultaneous high energy and power densities in SSBs.
  • The strategy offers a promising solution for the large-scale application of high-loading solid-state batteries.