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Related Concept Videos

Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
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Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

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Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Electrogravimetric Analysis: Overview01:30

Electrogravimetric Analysis: Overview

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Electrogravimetric analysis measures the weight of an analyte deposited electrolytically onto a suitable working electrode. This method involves applying a potential to a pre-weighed electrode submerged in a solution, which results in the desired substance being deposited through reduction at the cathode or oxidation at the anode. The electrode's weight is recorded after deposition, and the difference in weight gives the analyte's weight in the solution.
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Common Ion Effect03:24

Common Ion Effect

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Updated: May 31, 2025

Electrochemical Roughening of Thin-Film Platinum Macro and Microelectrodes
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Cation Effect on the Electrochemical Platinum Dissolution.

Haesol Kim1, Minho M Kim2, Junsic Cho1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrocatalyst stability is key for energy conversion. We found that alkali metal cation identity in electrolytes significantly impacts platinum dissolution, with smaller ions like Li+ causing more leaching.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrocatalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrocatalyst stability is crucial for electrochemical energy conversion devices.
  • Catalyst degradation involves metal ion release into the electric double layer (EDL) and electrolyte.
  • The relationship between EDL structure and catalyst dissolution is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of alkali metal cations on electrochemical platinum (Pt) dissolution.
  • To elucidate the role of the EDL structure in catalyst degradation.
  • To identify strategies for enhancing electrocatalyst durability.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time monitoring of Pt dissolution in electrolytes with varying alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+).
  • Computational modeling to predict the role of interfacial species in Pt dissolution.
  • Correlation analysis between Pt dissolution and cation properties (hydrolysis pKa, acidity).

Main Results:

  • Pt dissolution decreased in the order Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Cs+.
  • Computational results indicated that interfacial hydroxide (OH-) concentration is pivotal, facilitating Pt ion diffusion.
  • A strong correlation was found between dissolved Pt amounts and the acidity/hydrolysis pKa of the alkali metal cations.

Conclusions:

  • The identity of alkali metal cations in the electrolyte significantly influences electrocatalyst stability by altering the EDL structure.
  • Controlling local interfacial hydroxide concentration via cation choice can mitigate Pt dissolution.
  • Tuning the EDL is a promising strategy for developing durable electrocatalysts for energy conversion.